How does collagen work in the human body?
Many studies have confirmed the key role of collagen in various tissue functions in the human body.
Skin health: Collagen is one of the most important structural proteins in the skin, accounting for about 75-80% of skin dry weight. Studies have found that with the increase of age, the quantity and quality of collagen in the skin gradually decrease. According to a 2011 article in Biochemistry, the production of collagen in the skin decreases by about 1% each year, which is one of the reasons why skin becomes loose and wrinkled as people age. (Varani J, Dame MK, Rittie L, et al. Decreased collagen production in chronologically aged skin: roles of age-dependent alteration in fibroblast function and defective mechanical stimulation. Am J Pathol. 2006;168:1861-1868.)
Joint health: In our joints, collagen mainly exists in cartilage. This special connective tissue provides cushioning for the joints, preventing friction between the bones. However, with the increase of age, the collagen in the cartilage may gradually wear out, causing joint pain and discomfort. A study published in the journal Arthritis & Rheumatology showed that oral collagen supplements can improve joint pain in patients with osteoarthritis. (Benito-Ruiz P, Camacho-Zambrano MM, Carrillo-Arcentales JN, et al. A randomized controlled trial on the efficacy and safety of a food ingredient, collagen hydrolysate, for improving joint comfort. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2009;60 Suppl 2:99-113.)
Bone health: Collagen is also a major component of bones, accounting for more than 90% of bone dry weight. Collagen provides strength and toughness for bones. Studies have found that collagen supplements can help improve bone density, reducing the risk of fractures. (Nutrients. 2018 Jan 16;10(1):97. doi: 10.3390/nu10010097.)
Vascular health: Collagen is also a key component of the blood vessel wall, providing elasticity and stability for blood vessels. Lack of collagen can lead to fragile and ruptured blood vessels, which is why people lacking Vitamin C (which is very important for the synthesis of collagen) may develop scurvy, one of the main symptoms of which is bleeding.